THE ADMIN's LAB : LINUX-3 Hardware & Devices

LINUX-3 Hardware & Devices

COLD PLUG & HOT PLUG TYPE DEVICES:

Cold plug devices are mostly the expansion cards plugged in to motherboard and installation of these requires down time where as hot plug devices can be installed while system is up.

COMMANDS:

#lshw (-short)

#lshw -class disk -class storage

#lspci (-tv) lspci -v | grep "VGA" -A 12

#lsscsi (-s)

#lsusb (-v)

#lscpu

#lsmod

#lsblk (-a)

#dmesg dmesg | grep -i usb dmesg | grep -i tty/memory

#df –kh

#grep "model name" /proc/cpuinfo

#free –m|mt|gt

#fdisk –l

#mount | column –t

#mount | column -t | grep xfs

#cat /etc/*release*

#fdisk -l | grep '^Disk /dev/'

GETTING INFO ABOUT SYSTEM:

[root@rhel7-server /]# uname --help

Usage: uname [OPTION]...

Print certain system information. With no OPTION, same as -s.

-a, --all print all information, in the following order,

except omit -p and -i if unknown:

-s, --kernel-name print the kernel name

-n, --nodename print the network node hostname

-r, --kernel-release print the kernel release

-v, --kernel-version print the kernel version

-m, --machine print the machine hardware name

-p, --processor print the processor type or "unknown"

-i, --hardware-platform print the hardware platform or "unknown"

-o, --operating-system print the operating system

--help display this help and exit

--version output version information and exit

[root@rhel7-server ~]# cat /etc/*release*

NAME="Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server"

VERSION="7.0 (Maipo)"

ID="rhel"

ID_LIKE="fedora"

VERSION_ID="7.0"

PRETTY_NAME="Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server 7.0 (Maipo)"

ANSI_COLOR="0;31"

CPE_NAME="cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:7.0:GA:server"

HOME_URL="https://www.redhat.com/"

BUG_REPORT_URL="https://bugzilla.redhat.com/"

REDHAT_BUGZILLA_PRODUCT="Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7"

REDHAT_BUGZILLA_PRODUCT_VERSION=7.0

REDHAT_SUPPORT_PRODUCT="Red Hat Enterprise Linux"

REDHAT_SUPPORT_PRODUCT_VERSION=7.0

Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 7.0 (Maipo)

cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:7.0:ga:server

[root@rhel7-server ~]#

GETTING INFO ABOUT HARDWARE:

[root@rhel7-server /]# lshw

bash: lshw: command not found...

[root@rhel7-server /]# yum install -y lshw

Loaded plugins: langpacks, product-id, subscription-manager

This system is not registered to Red Hat Subscription Management. You can use subscription-manager to register.

No package lshw available.

[root@rhel7-server /]# yum install -y lshw*

Loaded plugins: langpacks, product-id, subscription-manager

This system is not registered to Red Hat Subscription Management. You can use subscription-manager to register.

No package lshw* available.

Error: Nothing to do

[root@rhel7-server /]# yum clean all

Loaded plugins: langpacks, product-id, subscription-manager

This system is not registered to Red Hat Subscription Management. You can use subscription-manager to register.

Cleaning repos: InstallMedia localrepo

Cleaning up everything

[root@rhel7-server /]# yum install -y lshw*

Loaded plugins: langpacks, product-id, subscription-manager

This system is not registered to Red Hat Subscription Management. You can use subscription-manager to register.

localrepo | 2.9 kB 00:00:00

localrepo/primary_db | 3.4 MB 00:00:00

No package lshw* available.

Error: Nothing to do

Downloaded rpm lshw-2.15-1.el6.rf.x86_64.rpm,

[root@rhel7-server ~]# rpm -ivh /lshw-2.15-1.el6.rf.x86_64.rpm

warning: /lshw-2.15-1.el6.rf.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 6b8d79e6: NOKEY

Preparing... ################################# [100%]

Updating / installing...

1:lshw-2.15-1.el6.rf ################################# [100%]

List Connected/Installed Hardware---

[root@rhel7-server ~]# lshw |more

rhel7-server

description: Computer

product: VMware Virtual Platform ()

vendor: VMware, Inc.

version: None

serial: VMware-56 4d 27 28 7e 01 9c 4d-b2 6f 65 26 63 64 77 17

width: 64 bits

capabilities: vsyscall32

configuration: administrator_password=enabled boot=normal frontpanel_password=unknown keyboard_password=unknown power-on_password=

disabled uuid=564D2728-7E01-9C4D-B26F-652663647717

*-core

description: Motherboard

product: 440BX Desktop Reference Platform

vendor: Intel Corporation

physical id: 0

version: None

serial: None

*-firmware

[root@rhel7-server ~]# lshw -short

H/W path Device Class Description

========================================================

system VMware Virtual Platform ()

/0 bus 440BX Desktop Reference Platform

/0/0 memory 87KiB BIOS

/0/4 processor Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-2430M CPU @ 2.40GHz

/0/4/54 memory 16KiB L1 cache

/0/5 processor Pentium Pro

/0/5/56 memory 16KiB L1 cache

/0/6 processor Pentium Pro

/0/6/58 memory 16KiB L1 cache

/0/7 processor Pentium Pro

/0/7/5a memory 16KiB L1 cache

/0/8 processor Pentium Pro

/0/8/5c memory 16KiB L1 cache

List Connected PCI Devices—(Peripheral Component Interconnect)--

(Modem, Network card, Sound card, VGA Adapters, Graphics card, usb ports, sata controllers…etc)

[root@rhel7-server ~]# lspci |more

00:00.0 Host bridge: Intel Corporation 440BX/ZX/DX - 82443BX/ZX/DX Host bridge (rev 01)

00:01.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 440BX/ZX/DX - 82443BX/ZX/DX AGP bridge (rev 01)

00:07.0 ISA bridge: Intel Corporation 82371AB/EB/MB PIIX4 ISA (rev 08)

00:07.1 IDE interface: Intel Corporation 82371AB/EB/MB PIIX4 IDE (rev 01)

00:07.3 Bridge: Intel Corporation 82371AB/EB/MB PIIX4 ACPI (rev 08)

00:07.7 System peripheral: VMware Virtual Machine Communication Interface (rev 10)

00:0f.0 VGA compatible controller: VMware SVGA II Adapter

00:10.0 SCSI storage controller: LSI Logic / Symbios Logic 53c1030 PCI-X Fusion-MPT Dual Ultra320 SCSI (rev 01)

00:11.0 PCI bridge: VMware PCI bridge (rev 02)

00:15.0 PCI bridge: VMware PCI Express Root Port (rev 01)

00:15.1 PCI bridge: VMware PCI Express Root Port (rev 01)

[root@rhel7-server ~]# lspci -tv

-[0000:00]-+-00.0 Intel Corporation 440BX/ZX/DX - 82443BX/ZX/DX Host bridge

+-01.0-[01]--

+-07.0 Intel Corporation 82371AB/EB/MB PIIX4 ISA

+-07.1 Intel Corporation 82371AB/EB/MB PIIX4 IDE

+-07.3 Intel Corporation 82371AB/EB/MB PIIX4 ACPI

+-07.7 VMware Virtual Machine Communication Interface

+-0f.0 VMware SVGA II Adapter

+-10.0 LSI Logic / Symbios Logic 53c1030 PCI-X Fusion-MPT Dual Ultra320 SCSI

+-11.0-[02]--+-00.0 VMware USB1.1 UHCI Controller

List Connected SCSI/SATA Devices (HDD, OPTICAL DEVICE)---

[root@rhel7-server ~]# lsscsi

[1:0:0:0] cd/dvd NECVMWar VMware IDE CDR10 1.00 /dev/sr0

[2:0:0:0] disk VMware, VMware Virtual S 1.0 /dev/sda

[2:0:1:0] disk VMware, VMware Virtual S 1.0 /dev/sdb

[2:0:2:0] disk VMware, VMware Virtual S 1.0 /dev/sdc

[2:0:3:0] disk VMware, VMware Virtual S 1.0 /dev/sdd

[2:0:4:0] disk VMware, VMware Virtual S 1.0 /dev/sde

[root@rhel7-server ~]# lsscsi -s

[1:0:0:0] cd/dvd NECVMWar VMware IDE CDR10 1.00 /dev/sr0 -

[2:0:0:0] disk VMware, VMware Virtual S 1.0 /dev/sda 21.4GB

[2:0:1:0] disk VMware, VMware Virtual S 1.0 /dev/sdb 21.4GB

[2:0:2:0] disk VMware, VMware Virtual S 1.0 /dev/sdc 21.4GB

[2:0:3:0] disk VMware, VMware Virtual S 1.0 /dev/sdd 21.4GB

[2:0:4:0] disk VMware, VMware Virtual S 1.0 /dev/sde 21.4GB

[root@rhel7-server ~]#

List USB Controllers & Devices Connected to it---

[root@rhel7-server ~]# lsusb

Bus 002 Device 002: ID 0e0f:0003 VMware, Inc. Virtual Mouse

Bus 002 Device 003: ID 0e0f:0002 VMware, Inc. Virtual USB Hub

Bus 001 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub

Bus 002 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0001 Linux Foundation 1.1 root hub

Bus 002 Device 005: ID 0e0f:0008 VMware, Inc.

[root@rhel7-server ~]# lsusb -v

Bus 002 Device 002: ID 0e0f:0003 VMware, Inc. Virtual Mouse

Device Descriptor:

bLength 18

bDescriptorType 1

bcdUSB 1.10

bDeviceClass 0 (Defined at Interface level)

bDeviceSubClass 0

bDeviceProtocol 0

bMaxPacketSize0 8

idVendor 0x0e0f VMware, Inc.

idProduct 0x0003 Virtual Mouse

bcdDevice 1.02

List CPU Architecture (No of CPU, cores, model, cpu caches/threads) ---

[root@rhel7-server ~]# lscpu

Architecture: x86_64

CPU op-mode(s): 32-bit, 64-bit

Byte Order: Little Endian

CPU(s): 1

On-line CPU(s) list: 0

Thread(s) per core: 1

Core(s) per socket: 1

Socket(s): 1

NUMA node(s): 1

Vendor ID: GenuineIntel

CPU family: 6

Model: 42

Model name: Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-2430M CPU @ 2.40GHz

Stepping: 7

CPU MHz: 2394.715

BogoMIPS: 4789.43

Hypervisor vendor: VMware

Virtualization type: full

L1d cache: 32K

L1i cache: 32K

L2 cache: 256K

L3 cache: 3072K

NUMA node0 CPU(s): 0

List Block devices ---

(HDD Partitions, Storage devices [optical drive/usb drive])

[root@rhel7-server ~]# lsblk -a

NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT

fd0 2:0 1 4K 0 disk

sda 8:0 0 20G 0 disk

├─sda1 8:1 0 700M 0 part /boot

├─sda2 8:2 0 2G 0 part [SWAP]

├─sda3 8:3 0 1G 0 part /home

├─sda4 8:4 0 1K 0 part

└─sda5 8:5 0 14.7G 0 part /

sdb 8:16 0 20G 0 disk

└─sdb1 8:17 0 1G 0 part /tdir1

sdc 8:32 0 20G 0 disk

sdd 8:48 0 20G 0 disk

sde 8:64 0 20G 0 disk

sr0 11:0 1 4G 0 rom

dmesg will give us details about hardware drivers connected to system or

disconnected from system or any errors when hardware driver is loaded into the kernel

[root@rhel7-server ~]# dmesg |more

[root@rhel7-server ~]# dmesg | grep -i tty

[root@rhel7-server ~]# dmesg | grep -i memory

[root@rhel7-server ~]# dmesg | grep -i usb

[root@rhel7-server ~]# dmesg | grep -i eth0

[root@rhel7-server ~]# watch "dmesg | tail -20" [for real time monitoring]

[root@rhel7-server ~]# dmesg –c [to clear the dmesg buffer logs]

Even after clearing logs we can still view them at

[root@rhel7-server ~]# cat /var/log/dmesg

ABOUT DISK & DISK INFO:

All mounted partitions displaying full & free size with mount location ---

[root@rhel7-server ~]# df -kh

Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on

/dev/sda5 15G 6.5G 8.2G 45% /

devtmpfs 488M 0 488M 0% /dev

tmpfs 496M 80K 496M 1% /dev/shm

tmpfs 496M 7.2M 489M 2% /run

tmpfs 496M 0 496M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup

/dev/sdb1 1014M 33M 982M 4% /tdir1

/dev/sda3 1014M 33M 982M 4% /home

/dev/sda1 697M 123M 575M 18% /boot

Detailed disk info ---

[root@rhel7-server ~]# fdisk -l

Disk /dev/sda: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes, 41943040 sectors

Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk label type: dos

Disk identifier: 0x00042ab0

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System

/dev/sda1 * 2048 1435647 716800 83 Linux

/dev/sda2 1435648 5629951 2097152 82 Linux swap / Solaris

/dev/sda3 5629952 7727103 1048576 83 Linux

/dev/sda4 7727104 41943039 17107968 5 Extended

/dev/sda5 7729152 38449151 15360000 83 Linux

Disk /dev/sdb: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes, 41943040 sectors

Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk label type: dos

Disk identifier: 0x59d60db6

Disk with size ---

[root@rhel7-server ~]# fdisk -l | grep '^Disk /dev/'

Disk /dev/sda: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes, 41943040 sectors

Disk /dev/sdb: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes, 41943040 sectors

Disk /dev/sdc: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes, 41943040 sectors

Disk /dev/sdd: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes, 41943040 sectors

Disk /dev/sde: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes, 41943040 sectors

GETTING INFO FROM PROC:

[root@rhel7-server ~]# cat /proc/cpuinfo

processor : 0

vendor_id : GenuineIntel

cpu family : 6

model : 42

model name : Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-2430M CPU @ 2.40GHz

stepping : 7

microcode : 0x18

cpu MHz : 2394.715

cache size : 3072 KB

physical id : 0

[root@rhel7-server ~]# cat /proc/version

Linux version 3.10.0-121.el7.x86_64 (mockbuild@x86-021.build.eng.bos.redhat.com) (gcc version 4.8.2 20140120 (Red Hat 4.8.2-16) (GCC) ) #1 SMP Tue Apr 8 10:48:19 EDT 2014

[root@rhel7-server ~]# cat /proc/scsi

cat: /proc/scsi: Is a directory

[root@rhel7-server ~]# cat /proc/scsi/scsi

Attached devices:

Host: scsi2 Channel: 00 Id: 00 Lun: 00